Introduction
Have you ever stumbled upon an old, well-worn shotgun tucked away in a dusty corner of a family shed? Perhaps it bears a familiar name, a testament to a bygone era of American craftsmanship. That shotgun might just be a Western Field, and if so, there’s a good chance it’s a 16 gauge pump. These shotguns, once widely available and cherished by hunters and marksmen, hold a special place in the hearts of firearm enthusiasts, and understanding their history and features is a journey into a fascinating piece of American heritage.
History and Background
The Western Field brand, a familiar name for anyone who has explored older firearms, was a product of Montgomery Ward, a retail giant that, like its competitor Sears and Roebuck, used its own brand names to sell firearms and other merchandise. This practice, known as private labeling, allowed the company to offer quality goods at competitive prices, reaching a broad customer base across the nation. For gun enthusiasts, Western Field shotguns often represent a gateway to quality firearms, often made by reputable manufacturers but sold under a distinct banner.
The 16-gauge shotgun itself has a rich history. Once a prominent gauge in American shooting sports and hunting, the sixteen gauge provided a practical balance between power and recoil. It delivered a good compromise between the lighter 20-gauge and the heavier 12-gauge, making it popular among hunters and those who appreciated the gun’s versatility. The 16-gauge could be effectively employed for various hunting purposes, from upland birds like pheasant and quail to waterfowl and even small game. This versatility solidified its place in the field.
The legacy of the Western Field shotgun is closely intertwined with the major firearm manufacturers of the time. Because Montgomery Ward didn’t manufacture the guns themselves, they contracted with well-established companies to produce the shotguns under the Western Field name. This meant that the Western Field 16 gauge pump, like many of its counterparts, was often a rebranded version of a known, quality model. Some of the primary companies that produced these shotguns include Mossberg, Savage, and Marlin, among others. This practice allowed Western Field to provide a diverse range of firearms to its customers.
One of the most exciting aspects of exploring Western Field shotguns is tracing their lineage back to the parent models produced by these manufacturers. Understanding the connection allows collectors and gun enthusiasts to appreciate the craftsmanship and design of well-regarded firearms. Identifying the specific parent model that gave rise to a Western Field is a bit of a detective hunt, but is achievable. The original manufacturer’s quality and reputation often passed on to the Western Field variant.
The timeline for the production and distribution of these shotguns typically aligns with the peak popularity of the Montgomery Ward catalog and retail stores. These shotguns were readily available to consumers for a significant period, allowing hunters and target shooters across the country access to firearms. Sales of the guns were heavily promoted through the company’s catalogs, allowing rural and urban customers alike to purchase quality firearms without needing to visit a brick-and-mortar gun store. This accessibility significantly contributed to the widespread use of the Western Field.
Features and Specifications
A closer inspection of the Western Field 16 gauge pump reveals the common features and specifications that defined these shotguns. The pump-action system, a hallmark of these shotguns, allowed for rapid reloading and follow-up shots, a key advantage for hunting and sport shooting. The receiver, the central component of the gun, could be crafted from steel or aluminum alloy. The choice of material often influenced the weight and overall feel of the firearm. The stock, often fashioned from wood or, in later years, synthetic materials, provided the shooter with a comfortable and secure grip, enabling accurate aim.
Barrel lengths varied, from shorter lengths suitable for close-range hunting to longer ones designed for improved accuracy at greater distances. The choke, the constriction at the muzzle end of the barrel, could be fixed or changeable, influencing the shot pattern and the effective range of the gun. The magazine capacity often varied, typically holding several shells, allowing for multiple shots before needing to reload. The sights, usually in the form of a bead, provided a simple and effective means of aiming. The safety mechanisms, designed to prevent accidental discharge, added an important layer of security for the user.
The details that define these shotguns include a chamber capable of handling various shell lengths. The weight of these shotguns, depending on the model and materials, was typically manageable, providing a balanced feel for handling and aiming. The overall length of the shotgun, dependent on barrel length and stock, varied. A keen eye will also notice the various markings on the gun. These markings, often including the Western Field name and the manufacturer’s details, serve as a unique identifying point of the Western Field 16 gauge pump.
Variations and Models
Variations in the Western Field 16 gauge pump model offerings are linked to the manufacturers who produced them. As previously indicated, these shotguns were rebranded versions of the original manufacturer’s product. By looking for certain identifying features, a discerning collector can figure out the original manufacturer.
Usage and Performance
The intended purposes of the Western Field 16 gauge pump have varied across the years. These shotguns were primarily intended for hunting, particularly upland birds and small game, with the 16 gauge delivering an effective shot pattern at distances. They were often employed in the pursuit of pheasant, quail, and other game. Depending on the exact model and ammunition, these guns could also be used for waterfowl.
In addition to hunting, some models of the Western Field 16 gauge pump could be used for home defense, depending on the legal requirements. The effectiveness of shotguns in defending against potential threats, however, must be considered with great attention to all aspects of the laws.
Shooting characteristics include a manageable recoil, which is generally less than that of a 12-gauge. The accuracy and effective range of the Western Field 16 gauge pump, of course, is dictated by the model, barrel length, and choke. Reliable performance was a core trait of these shotguns, adding to their long term viability.
The availability of ammunition is a crucial point for those looking to use a Western Field 16 gauge pump. 16-gauge ammunition, while not as widely available as the 12-gauge, is still readily available through gun stores, online retailers, and ammunition manufacturers.
Value and Availability
The value and market availability are key areas of interest for collectors and firearm enthusiasts. Several things impact the market value of a Western Field 16 gauge pump, including the overall condition, rarity of the model, and any unique features. The price ranges vary depending on the condition. A shotgun in excellent condition typically commands a higher price than one that has been heavily used. The better the condition, the more valuable the gun.
The best method for finding these shotguns is through online auction sites, gun shows, and local gun stores. Gun shows and local stores offer an opportunity to inspect the shotgun in person, examine its condition, and handle the weapon. For online auction sites, detailed photographs and condition reports, if available, are essential.
Maintenance and Care
Maintenance and care are essential to preserve the Western Field 16 gauge pump. Cleaning procedures are critical. The process involves using gun cleaning supplies, including oil, cleaning solvents, and the proper tools. A step-by-step cleaning process should be followed, which includes disassembling the gun, cleaning the barrel and action, and applying oil to protect the metal parts.
Proper storage involves keeping the gun clean and dry, and away from extreme temperatures and humidity. Storing the gun in a gun safe or a secure storage unit is the ideal solution, protecting the firearm from unauthorized use.
Safety Considerations
Safety considerations are paramount when using a Western Field 16 gauge pump. Always treat every gun as if it is loaded. Keep the gun pointed in a safe direction at all times, and keep the trigger finger off the trigger until ready to fire.
Legal requirements regarding gun ownership vary depending on local and federal laws. Gun owners must know and understand the laws in their state regarding ownership, storage, transportation, and use of firearms. Always comply with all federal, state, and local laws.
Conclusion
The Western Field 16 gauge pump represents an enduring part of American firearm history. These shotguns, crafted by respected manufacturers and offered under the trusted Western Field name, offer a window into a time when practicality and quality were paramount. They served many purposes for different people, and in the hands of those who cared for and used them responsibly, these shotguns have served well. The 16 gauge itself, a versatile round, made these guns very appealing.
These shotguns, whether a collector’s item or a functional piece, deserve respect and recognition. If you have the opportunity to own a Western Field 16 gauge pump, you are holding a piece of history.
