Safety Above All Else
Verifying the Weapon is Unloaded
Before embarking on any maintenance or disassembly procedure, the unwavering priority must be safety. Firearms demand respect, and negligence can have severe consequences. This guide is provided for informational purposes only. Always handle your firearm responsibly, assuming it is loaded and ready to fire. Your safety, and the safety of those around you, depends on adhering to the following principles:
- Treat Every Firearm as if It’s Loaded
- Never Point the Muzzle at Anything You Are Not Willing to Destroy
- Keep Your Finger Off the Trigger Until Ready to Shoot
- Be Certain of Your Target and What is Beyond It
With those crucial tenets firmly in mind, the initial and most critical step involves verifying that your AR-15 is unloaded. This is non-negotiable.
- Remove the Magazine
- Cycle the Charging Handle
- Inspect the Chamber
Once you have thoroughly verified the weapon is clear and safe, you may proceed.
Essential Tools and Materials
Having the right tools and supplies will make the disassembly process significantly smoother and more enjoyable. You won’t need an arsenal, but having the correct items is key. Gather the following:
- The AR-15
- Cleaning Mat or Work Surface
- Cleaning Rod with Brush and Patch Holder
- Cleaning Patches
- Cleaning Solvent (Optional)
- Lubricant (Gun Oil or CLP)
- Small Brush or Toothbrush
- Optional Tools
With your safety checked and your equipment gathered, you’re ready to start the process.
Separating the Upper and Lower Receivers
The first major step involves separating the upper and lower receivers of your AR-15. This allows you to access the key components for cleaning and maintenance.
- Locate the Takedown Pins
- Push Out the Rear Takedown Pin
- Push Out the Front Pivot Pin
- Separate the Receivers
Removing the Bolt Carrier Group
The bolt carrier group, or BCG, is the heart of your AR-15’s operating system. Proper care of the BCG is essential for reliable function.
- Pull the Charging Handle to the Rear
- Remove the Bolt Carrier Group
Cleaning the Bolt Carrier Group (Optional)
For a more thorough cleaning, you may disassemble the BCG. This will require more attention to detail and a clean working space to keep track of the small components. This step is often skipped during a field strip, but it’s essential for regular maintenance.
- Remove the Firing Pin Retaining Pin
- Remove the Firing Pin
- Remove the Cam Pin
- Separate the Bolt from the Bolt Carrier
Cleaning the Upper Receiver
With the BCG removed, you can now clean the upper receiver. Use your cleaning rod, brush, and patches to scrub the inside of the barrel. Run the brush through the bore from the chamber towards the muzzle. Then, attach a patch to the cleaning rod and push it through to remove any remaining debris.
Cleaning the Bolt Carrier Group: Use cleaning solvent and a small brush or toothbrush to remove carbon buildup from the BCG components. Pay attention to the bolt face, the bolt carrier, and the gas key.
Disassembly of the Lower Receiver
The lower receiver houses the trigger, hammer, and other fire control group components. It is not generally necessary to completely disassemble the lower receiver during a field strip, but inspecting and cleaning accessible parts is important.
- Inspect the Lower Receiver Components
Lubricating and Reassembling
Once everything is clean, lubrication is key to smooth operation.
- Lubricate the BCG
- Reassemble the BCG if Disassembled
- Reassemble the Upper Receiver
- Align the Upper and Lower Receivers
- Insert the Front Pivot Pin
- Insert the Rear Takedown Pin
Ensuring Proper Function
Once reassembled, the final step is to verify the rifle’s functionality.
- Perform a Function Test
- Check for Proper Feeding
- Dry-Fire Function Testing
Common Pitfalls and Considerations
Here are some important points to keep in mind during this process:
- Forcing Parts
- Losing Small Parts
- Over-Lubrication
- Ignoring Safety
- When to Seek Professional Help
Maintaining Your AR-15: The Key to Longevity
Knowing how to disassemble and reassemble your AR-15 is not just a skill; it’s a responsibility. Regular cleaning and maintenance, performed after each shooting session or at regular intervals, will ensure your rifle’s reliability and extend its service life. Field stripping allows you to inspect your rifle, identify potential problems early, and address them before they escalate. The AR-15 is a robust and versatile platform, but its longevity depends on the care you provide.
By practicing this guide, you’ll develop a deeper understanding of your AR-15. Taking the time to maintain your rifle not only keeps it running but also improves your overall shooting experience.
Final Thoughts
Congratulations, you now possess the fundamental knowledge to field strip your AR-15. Remember to approach this process with patience and a commitment to safety. Practice makes perfect, so repeat the steps outlined in this guide until the process becomes second nature.
The world of AR-15 ownership is vast and rewarding. With the skills and confidence to maintain your rifle, you’re well-equipped to enjoy your firearm for years to come.
Remember to always prioritize safe gun handling practices.
