Understanding Your Mossberg 590
Different 590 Models
Before diving into the replacement procedure, it’s crucial to understand the specific features of your Mossberg 590. The 590 series comes in a variety of models, each with distinct characteristics. These variations often influence the type of replacement barrel and tube you’ll need. For example, the 590 and 590A1 are closely related, but the A1 version often has enhanced durability features, such as a heavier barrel profile.
Barrel Length Considerations
Consider the barrel length. This parameter directly affects the shotgun’s overall handling, ballistics, and legal compliance. Shorter barrels, often favored for tactical use, provide enhanced maneuverability in close quarters but may have a reduced effective range. Longer barrels generally yield greater accuracy and increased muzzle velocity, making them suitable for hunting and sport shooting, but can be less convenient to maneuver in tight spaces. Be certain of the legal restrictions in your area regarding barrel length.
Magazine Tube Capacity
The capacity of the magazine tube is another critical aspect. This determines how many rounds you can load into the shotgun. Different tube lengths are available to offer increased or decreased capacity, impacting the shotgun’s weight balance and loading experience. Selecting the correct tube capacity is a matter of personal preference and operational needs, with options that allow for expanded round counts.
Identifying Your Model
To guarantee proper fit and function, always identify the specific model of your Mossberg 590. This includes the model number, often found on the receiver, and any special features or configurations. Knowing the exact specifications of your firearm will ensure that the replacement barrel and/or tube you acquire are compatible and will function flawlessly. This essential step avoids any compatibility issues during the installation process.
Tools and Materials You’ll Need
Essential Tools
Proper preparation is key for a successful barrel and tube replacement. Assembling the right tools and materials beforehand will simplify the process and minimize potential setbacks. Here’s a comprehensive list:
Begin with a good set of wrenches. You’ll need these to loosen and tighten the barrel nut. The specific sizes may vary depending on the exact model, so it is best to have an adjustable wrench or a set of wrenches that covers the typical sizes. Ensure the wrenches are in good working order, in order to get a firm grip on the barrel nut.
You’ll also need screwdrivers. A screwdriver set that caters to different types and sizes of screws is essential. You might need these for removing the forend and any other components that need disassembly.
A vise and vise blocks can be immensely helpful. Holding the receiver securely in a vise will prevent the firearm from moving during the process, allowing for more controlled force when loosening or tightening components. Using vise blocks with proper padding will safeguard the finish of the receiver from potential damage.
A punch set is useful, potentially needed to remove pins. A punch set is important to have to assist with the disassembly of certain components. Various sizes of punches will be needed.
While not strictly required, a torque wrench is highly recommended. The barrel nut requires a specific torque specification to ensure proper barrel alignment and prevent loosening during firing. A torque wrench enables you to tighten the nut to the manufacturer’s recommended specifications. If a torque wrench isn’t available, use caution and don’t overtighten.
Necessary Materials
Now, consider the materials. You’ll need a replacement barrel with the correct length and configuration for your Mossberg 590 model. Ensure the barrel matches your original barrel type or the intended application for which you’re looking to upgrade. Verify that the barrel is compatible with your shotgun’s receiver and any other attached accessories.
You may also require a replacement magazine tube. A new tube is necessary if your existing one is damaged or if you wish to upgrade to a different capacity. The tube must be designed for your model, with correct threading and compatibility with the loading system.
Don’t forget the barrel nut. Always inspect the barrel nut for wear or damage before reinstallation. The barrel nut is a crucial component for securing the barrel to the receiver.
In some cases, the magazine tube nut or retaining ring may also need to be replaced. If this is the case, you must acquire the correct size and type for your specific Mossberg 590 model.
Finally, consider using thread locker. A small amount of thread locker, such as Loctite, can be applied to the threads of the barrel nut to help prevent it from loosening during repeated firing. However, use it sparingly, and follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
Finally, it is of the utmost importance that you prioritize safety. Protect your eyes with safety glasses. Always use gloves to provide grip and protect your hands.
The Barrel Replacement Procedure
Prioritizing Safety
With the right tools and materials in hand, you’re ready to begin the barrel replacement process. Remember, safety is paramount.
Before anything else, be absolutely certain the firearm is unloaded. Visually inspect the chamber and magazine tube to confirm there are no rounds present. Point the muzzle in a safe direction and engage the safety. Double-check, triple-check. Safety first.
Disassembly Steps
Begin the disassembly by removing the forend or pump slide. The method varies depending on the specific model, but typically involves removing the forend nut or retainer. Once removed, the forend should slide off the magazine tube.
Now remove the magazine tube cap if applicable. This cap, usually found at the muzzle end, must be removed to access the barrel nut.
This brings you to a critical step: removing the barrel nut. This nut secures the barrel to the receiver. It is often tight and may require significant force to loosen. Use the appropriate wrench and apply steady pressure. If the nut is extremely tight, consider using penetrating oil to help loosen it. Apply the oil, let it sit for some time, and then try again. Be careful not to damage the receiver or the barrel.
Once the barrel nut is loose, remove the old barrel from the receiver. The barrel should slide out easily. However, in some instances, the barrel may be tightly seated. If this happens, gently tap the barrel with a non-marring mallet to help dislodge it.
Installation Procedure
Now install the new barrel. Align the new barrel with the receiver and carefully slide it into place. Ensure the barrel sits flush against the receiver.
Next, torque the barrel nut to the manufacturer’s specifications or the recommended torque. Using a torque wrench, gradually tighten the barrel nut. Don’t overtighten. The correct torque is essential for barrel stability and safety.
Reassemble the magazine tube cap, if applicable.
Finally, perform a function check to ensure the firearm is operating correctly. Cycle several rounds through the action, paying attention to smooth feeding and ejection.
Tube Replacement and Extension Considerations
Reasons for Tube Replacement
Replacing the magazine tube can be necessary for several reasons, including damage or the desire to increase capacity. The process is similar to barrel replacement but requires a different set of steps.
Start with safety. Clear the firearm and remove the barrel, following the procedures in the barrel replacement section. Then, carefully remove the forend.
Tube Replacement Steps
Next, take the magazine tube cap off. This step is essential for accessing the magazine tube.
Then you will need to take off the magazine tube retaining ring and spring. This will allow you to access the magazine tube.
Unscrew the old magazine tube. The method for removing the magazine tube varies somewhat depending on the model.
Now it is time to install the new magazine tube. Thread in the new tube, and make sure it is aligned properly. Ensure that the new tube is threaded on correctly and completely.
Install the magazine spring and follower into the new magazine tube. This ensures the proper feeding of ammunition into the chamber.
Secure the magazine tube retainer or cap to complete the installation.
Tube Extensions and Legalities
If you are considering magazine tube extensions, it is important to consider all legal restrictions and potential reliability issues. Ensure your extension complies with any local or federal laws regarding magazine capacity. Also, test the firearm after installing the extension to guarantee flawless operation.
Post-Installation Procedures and Maintenance
Functionality Check
After replacing the barrel or tube, proper post-installation procedures are crucial for ensuring optimal performance and extending the lifespan of your firearm.
Conduct a thorough function check. Cycle several rounds of ammunition through the action to verify that the firearm feeds, fires, and ejects spent casings without any problems. Ensure there are no jams or malfunctions.
Cleaning and Lubrication
Clean and lubricate your shotgun. After assembly, thoroughly clean the barrel, action, and other internal components to remove any debris or excess lubricant. Then apply a light coat of gun oil to all moving parts.
Regular Maintenance
Regular maintenance is essential for the longevity and reliability of your Mossberg 590. After each shooting session, clean the barrel, action, and magazine tube. Regularly inspect the barrel nut and tube for any signs of wear or loosening.
Potential Issues
Watch out for potential issues. Be alert for any signs of wear or malfunction, such as erratic ejection, misfires, or feeding problems. Address any issues promptly to prevent further damage or safety hazards.
Legal Considerations and Safety
Legal Compliance
Always adhere to all legal and safety regulations.
Familiarize yourself with local and federal laws concerning barrel length and magazine capacity. These regulations vary significantly by location, and non-compliance can result in severe legal penalties. Ensure that any modifications or replacements you make comply with the laws in your area.
Safety First
Always prioritize safety when handling firearms. Treat every firearm as if it is loaded. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction at all times. Be sure to use proper eye and ear protection.
This guide provides information to help you. However, you are responsible for any work done on your firearm.
Conclusion
Replacing a barrel or modifying a magazine tube on your Mossberg 590 is a manageable task with the proper knowledge, tools, and safety precautions. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can confidently maintain your shotgun’s performance and customize it to meet your specific needs. Remember, safety should always be your top priority. By understanding the various models, gathering the necessary tools and materials, and performing the procedure carefully, you can ensure your Mossberg 590 remains a reliable companion for years to come.
For further resources, consult your Mossberg 590 manual, search for tutorials online and consult with a qualified gunsmith if you are unsure about any steps. Seek professional assistance if necessary, especially if you are not confident in your abilities. Remember that regular maintenance and attention to detail are essential for keeping your Mossberg 590 in top condition.
FAQs
Common Questions
Here are some common questions that arise when performing barrel and tube replacements:
What are the legal barrel length restrictions in my state? Laws vary significantly. Research local regulations regarding barrel length before performing any modifications.
Can I use a barrel from a different brand? It is not always recommended to mix and match parts from different manufacturers, unless you have verified the compatibility.
What do I do if the barrel nut is stuck? Apply penetrating oil and let it sit. Carefully use the proper tools and the correct force to loosen the nut.
How often should I replace my barrel? Barrels can last a long time with proper care and maintenance. The amount of shooting, types of ammunition, and overall care contribute to the barrel life. If there are signs of wear, replace the barrel.
