Introduction
The AR-15. The very name conjures images of freedom, self-reliance, and the right to bear arms. A rifle as iconic as it is customizable, the AR-15 has become a staple in the American firearms landscape, embraced by enthusiasts, hunters, and those seeking to protect themselves and their families. But the world of AR-15 ownership goes far beyond simply purchasing a pre-built firearm. A significant and rewarding path to ownership lies in building your own. And a fantastic way to get started on this journey is with a complete AR build kit. This article will serve as your comprehensive guide, illuminating the process, components, and considerations involved in building your own AR-15 from a complete kit, transforming you from a prospective owner to a capable builder.
The allure of a self-built AR-15 stems from a confluence of factors. Firstly, it fosters a deeper understanding of the rifle’s intricate mechanics. You’ll gain intimate knowledge of how each part functions and contributes to the overall system. Secondly, the ability to meticulously tailor your rifle to your exact needs and preferences is a significant advantage. From the handguard to the stock, the trigger to the optic, you control every aspect of the build. Furthermore, building often translates to cost savings when compared to purchasing a fully assembled rifle, especially as you become more familiar with the process and source parts effectively. This empowers you to invest your budget in the components that matter most to your shooting goals.
Understanding Complete AR Build Kits
So, what is a complete AR build kit? At its core, it’s a collection of the essential components needed to assemble an AR-15, conveniently bundled together for your convenience. These kits often contain everything you need to assemble the upper and lower receiver components, excluding the receiver itself. Think of it as a starting point, a carefully curated collection that removes the guesswork and frustration of sourcing individual parts. These kits can range from basic configurations to feature-rich options, allowing you to select a kit aligned with your budget and aspirations.
Unlike a “parts kit,” a complete AR build kit is specifically designed to streamline the process, often including items like the bolt carrier group and charging handle, components that are sometimes sold separately when purchasing individual parts. Purchasing a full build kit makes the entire project much easier.
Types of Complete AR Build Kits
Different kinds of complete kits cater to varying needs and interests. You’ll find kits designed around specific chamberings, with the most popular being the standard .223/5.56mm, providing ample versatility for target shooting and self-defense applications. However, kits for calibers such as .300 Blackout, known for its subsonic performance and adaptability to suppressors, are increasingly popular. The choice of caliber will largely dictate the performance of your rifle and its intended use.
Kits also come in various configurations, including pistol, carbine, and rifle builds. The length of your barrel and the type of stock, or lack thereof in the case of a pistol, determine the overall configuration. This affects handling, maneuverability, and of course, your legal compliance.
Finally, the quality and price point of the kit will vary considerably. The marketplace offers a wide range of kits, spanning from budget-friendly options to those built around premium components. This means you can select a kit that aligns with your financial means while still providing reliable performance. Investing a little more initially in quality components can enhance reliability and longevity.
Key Components Included
Within a complete AR build kit, several core components are typically included. The upper receiver assembly forms the heart of the system. It usually contains the barrel, a crucial component determining accuracy and caliber; the handguard, which protects the barrel and provides mounting space for accessories; the gas system, directing propellant gasses from the fired round to cycle the action; and the bolt carrier group (BCG), which contains the bolt and carrier, responsible for extracting, ejecting, and chambering rounds.
The bolt carrier group, or BCG, is absolutely fundamental. This is the workhorse of the AR-15. The charging handle is essential for manually cycling the rifle. Different designs will allow for quick access, ergonomic benefits, and in certain cases, enhanced ease of use.
The lower parts kit, or LPK, is a vital component, comprising the trigger, hammer, disconnector, springs, pins, and other small parts necessary for the lower receiver assembly. The buttstock and buffer tube, if included (often absent in pistol builds), determine the feel and the stability of the rifle, particularly during firing.
It’s important to remember what’s *not* included. A key component you’ll need to purchase separately is the stripped lower receiver. This is the serialized part of the AR-15, and it requires separate purchase, and its legality is subject to local and federal laws. You may also need tools, which will be covered later.
Choosing the Right Complete AR Build Kit
Before embarking on your complete AR build kit adventure, several crucial considerations deserve your attention. What is the intended purpose of your rifle? Are you primarily interested in target shooting at the range, or will you be using the rifle for home defense or perhaps hunting? The intended purpose will dictate the caliber, barrel length, and features that are most appropriate.
Budget plays a significant role. Decide on a comfortable price point and stick to it. The price range for complete kits can vary drastically.
Careful consideration of the desired features is also paramount. Do you have specific preferences for the handguard style, overall length of your rifle, desired barrel profile, or the type of trigger? Such features will drastically influence performance and ergonomics.
Perhaps the most important consideration is understanding and adhering to local laws and regulations. Firearms laws vary significantly by state and even by locality. Researching these is paramount to ensure compliance and avoid any legal complications. This is a crucial step.
Researching Brands and Reviews
Once you have a clearer picture of your needs, it’s time to research available options. The online realm offers an overwhelming wealth of information. Identify reputable manufacturers with a proven track record of reliability and customer service. Read online reviews; this is your window into the real-world experience of other builders. Gun forums, websites, and social media groups dedicated to AR-15 builds are invaluable resources. Pay close attention to the components utilized in these kits, and the overall feedback offered by their users.
Understanding Key Component Specs
When evaluating kits, familiarize yourself with key component specifications. The barrel twist rate is a crucial factor in determining the accuracy of your rifle. Understand the handguard length, buffer weight, and trigger pull weight, as these specifications will directly influence the rifle’s performance and functionality. Don’t be afraid to research the specific characteristics of the parts included.
Tools and Accessories You’ll Need
Beyond the kit itself, you’ll need a selection of tools and accessories. Some of these are absolutely indispensable. An armorer’s wrench is essential for installing and removing the barrel nut and other components. A quality torque wrench is crucial for ensuring precise torque specifications, preventing damage and ensuring reliable function. A punch set, including roll pin punches, will be invaluable for removing and installing pins. Invest in a vice and receiver vise blocks to hold the receiver securely during assembly. These tools are critical.
Safety glasses are a non-negotiable requirement. Gun cleaning supplies are important for maintaining your rifle’s longevity and accuracy. A magazine is essential for loading and firing ammunition. Optics are a matter of personal preference, but consider how you will use your AR-15 and choose optics accordingly.
Many reputable online retailers and local gun stores offer both complete AR build kits and the necessary tools and accessories. Compare prices, read reviews, and select suppliers with a reputation for excellent customer service.
Step-by-Step Assembly Guide (Simplified)
The actual assembly process, while rewarding, requires attention to detail and adherence to instructions. Let’s briefly touch upon a simplified assembly guide. *Disclaimer: This is a general overview; always refer to the manufacturer’s instructions and seek out detailed video guides.*
Lower Receiver Assembly
The lower receiver assembly comes first. Start by installing the trigger, hammer, and disconnector within the lower receiver. Then install the pistol grip and attach the buffer tube. Following this, install the bolt catch, magazine release, and safety selector. Lastly, attach the buttstock (if applicable), along with the buffer and spring.
Upper Receiver Assembly
The upper receiver assembly is also involved. Start by carefully installing the barrel and handguard, paying close attention to torque specifications. Next, install the gas block and gas tube. Install the charging handle, and finally, insert the bolt carrier group.
Attaching Upper and Lower Receivers and Function Check
Once you’ve completed both upper and lower receiver assemblies, it’s time to join them. Push in the takedown and pivot pins. Once you’ve done this, you should conduct a function check. Charge the weapon to ensure the bolt moves properly. Dry fire to make sure the trigger and hammer function as expected. Ensure the magazine release functions correctly.
Troubleshooting and Common Issues
Even when following detailed instructions, you may encounter issues. It is important to be able to resolve common problems. Failure to feed, failure to extract, light primer strikes, and cycling problems are a few of the more frequent issues that could arise during the building process. Take detailed notes, and consult forums online to seek assistance.
Finishing Touches and Maintenance
Finishing touches and regular maintenance are vital for the long-term performance and longevity of your rifle. Cleaning and lubrication are essential. Select quality gun cleaning products designed for the components of the AR-15. Consider adding optics or other accessories such as sights, scopes, or grips. A break-in period, where you fire a specific number of rounds while carefully cleaning and lubricating the rifle, may be recommended by your manufacturer. Establish a regular maintenance schedule. This includes checking for wear and tear, cleaning the bore, and lubricating moving parts.
Legal Considerations
Legal compliance is critical. While building your own AR-15 is legal in most of the United States, you must understand and adhere to both federal and local laws. Research the local and state laws within your area to make sure you are following any and all requirements for registration, serial numbers, and restrictions.
Conclusion
Building your own AR-15 from a complete AR build kit is a deeply rewarding experience. It provides a deeper understanding of your firearm, lets you tailor the rifle to your exact specifications, and often offers cost savings. By understanding the process, researching thoroughly, and adhering to all safety and legal requirements, you can join the ranks of knowledgeable and capable AR-15 builders.
So, are you ready to take the plunge? The world of AR-15 building awaits. With a little research, the right kit, and the right tools, you can start building your own rifle and discover the satisfaction that comes with it.
