Why the .308 Winchester Reigns Supreme for Hunting
The .308 Winchester, also known as the 7.62x51mm NATO, offers a compelling combination of desirable traits that explain its enduring popularity. Its history traces back to the 1950s when it was developed as a military cartridge. It quickly transitioned to the hunting world, proving to be equally capable in civilian hands. The .308 Winchester wasn’t designed for a single task; it’s a cartridge that can wear many hats.
One of the greatest strengths of the .308 is its remarkable accuracy. Modern rifles and quality ammunition often produce consistent groups at impressive distances, making it a viable option for hunters who prioritize precision. The .308 typically demonstrates a flatter trajectory compared to some other hunting cartridges, which can translate into less holdover and more accurate shots at varying ranges.
The versatility of the .308 Winchester is another significant advantage. The cartridge is well-suited for a broad range of game species. From smaller whitetail deer to larger elk, the .308, when paired with the appropriate bullet weight and construction, provides sufficient energy and penetration for a clean kill. Its versatility extends to different terrains and hunting styles, making it adaptable for various hunting scenarios.
Beyond performance, the .308 enjoys the benefits of being a readily available and affordable cartridge. Ammunition manufacturers produce a vast array of .308 loads, from basic soft points to specialized bonded bullets. This widespread availability ensures that hunters can easily find the ammunition they need. Additionally, the .308 is typically less expensive than some of the larger magnum cartridges, making it an economical choice for hunters.
Finally, the .308 Winchester boasts manageable recoil. Compared to cartridges with higher recoil, the .308 is more pleasant to shoot, which allows for more comfortable practice and better follow-up shots. This can be particularly important for new hunters or those sensitive to recoil.
The .308 excels with a broad spectrum of game. Deer of all types are prime targets. Elk and black bear can be taken with proper bullet selection. Smaller game like coyotes and wild hogs are also within the .308’s capabilities.
Deciding Factors: What to Consider When Selecting Your Hunting Ammo
Choosing the right ammunition goes far beyond simply picking a .308 round. A thorough understanding of the factors at play is essential.
Matching Your Game
The size and toughness of the game you’re pursuing is the primary driver for your ammo selection. A lightweight, rapidly expanding bullet designed for deer might be insufficient for a large elk. Conversely, a heavy, tough bullet intended for elk might over-penetrate a deer, potentially reducing its effectiveness. It’s a balancing act where energy and penetration must be considered. For example, when hunting deer, a bullet weight between 150 and 165 grains is often favored. For elk, heavier bullets, often from 165 to 180 grains, are preferable.
Judging the Distance
The distances at which you’ll be shooting are critical. As bullets travel further, they lose velocity and energy, which affects their trajectory and terminal performance. Consider the typical ranges you’ll encounter in your hunting area. Longer-range shooting demands bullets with high ballistic coefficients (BC), which allow them to retain velocity and resist wind drift. A higher BC is crucial for hunters anticipating shots beyond a few hundred yards.
Understanding the Bullet’s Construction
The design of the bullet itself significantly dictates how it performs upon impact. There are several distinct types, each with its own characteristics.
The Classic Choice: Soft Points
Soft point bullets feature a lead core exposed at the tip. Upon impact, the soft lead expands, creating a larger wound channel and transferring energy to the target. Soft points are effective for medium-sized game, offering a good balance of expansion and penetration. They are typically a more economical choice than some of the more specialized bullets, which makes them a popular choice for hunters.
Rapid Expansion: Hollow Points
Hollow point bullets have a cavity in the tip, which causes rapid expansion upon impact. The hollow point design creates a high degree of fragmentation. This bullet type is often preferred for varmint hunting, as it can cause significant tissue damage, but it’s not generally ideal for larger, tougher game because of the potential for shallow penetration.
Accuracy and Controlled Expansion: Ballistic Tips
Ballistic tip bullets feature a polymer tip designed to initiate expansion and improve accuracy. These bullets typically expand rapidly and deliver good energy transfer. They offer a great compromise of rapid expansion and reasonable penetration, making them a popular choice for deer-sized game, but not generally suited for the heaviest game animals.
Maximum Penetration: Bonded Bullets
Bonded bullets chemically or mechanically bond the bullet’s lead core to its copper jacket. This construction allows for controlled expansion and exceptional weight retention. Bonded bullets often penetrate deeply, making them suitable for larger, tougher game like elk and bear. This type of bullet performs consistently, even at long ranges.
Dividing the Bullet: Partitioned Bullets
Partitioned bullets, like the classic Nosler Partition, have a partition inside the bullet that separates the core. The front portion of the bullet expands readily, while the rear portion acts as a solid, creating a large wound channel and promoting deep penetration. This design gives the bullet a high degree of terminal performance.
Going Monolithic: Solid Copper Bullets
Solid copper bullets, or monolithic bullets, are constructed from a single piece of copper alloy. They expand rapidly and retain nearly all of their original weight, making them excellent penetrators. Solid copper bullets are becoming increasingly popular, especially where lead-free alternatives are mandated. They are known for deep penetration and controlled expansion, which makes them a solid choice for tough game.
Weighing Your Options: Bullet Weight Matters
The weight of the bullet you choose directly affects its performance and trajectory. Heavier bullets generally retain more energy at longer ranges and penetrate more deeply, but they may have a slightly flatter trajectory than lighter bullets. Choosing the correct weight involves balancing your game and typical shot distances. Deer hunters often find success with bullet weights in the 150-165 grain range. Those targeting elk and heavier game often opt for 165-180 grain bullets.
The Twist in the Barrel: Accuracy and Rifle Considerations
The rate of twist in your rifle’s barrel, measured as inches per rotation, is crucial for accuracy. The twist rate determines the range of bullet weights that will stabilize properly. Consult your rifle’s manual or research its specifications to understand the recommended twist rate. Generally, a faster twist rate is needed for heavier bullets. Mismatched bullets and twist rates can result in poor accuracy.
Understanding Impact: Energy and Terminal Performance
Energy at impact is a critical factor in a bullet’s effectiveness. While the energy alone isn’t the whole story, it offers a useful metric for comparing different loads. Terminal performance is how the bullet behaves when it hits the target, including expansion, weight retention, and penetration depth. The best 308 hunting ammo strikes a balance, delivering enough energy and penetration for a clean kill.
Trusted 308 Hunting Ammo Recommendations
Finding the perfect ammunition can feel like navigating a vast forest. Here are some recommendations, categorized by their intended purpose:
The Deer Hunter’s Favorite
Consider Federal Premium Nosler Accubond 165gr. This bullet is known for excellent accuracy, controlled expansion, and deep penetration. It offers a great compromise of expansion and penetration, making it ideal for deer. The Accubond bullet is known for accuracy due to its polymer tip.
The Elk Hunter’s Partner
Swift A-Frame Bullets are built for extreme penetration and weight retention, making them a top choice for elk. Barnes TTSX Bullets are a monolithic bullet that delivers exceptional penetration, excellent weight retention, and consistent expansion. The TTSX bullet excels for elk in areas where lead free is required, due to its copper construction.
Budget Friendly Choice
Remington Core-Lokt bullets offer a great balance of affordability and effectiveness. They are known for consistent expansion and decent penetration, making them a reliable choice for deer hunting.
The Long-Range Hunter’s Ally
Hornady ELD-X Bullets, with their high ballistic coefficient, are designed for long-range performance. They offer excellent accuracy and controlled expansion, even at extended distances. Berger Hunting VLD Bullets are known for incredible accuracy and rapid expansion, which makes them an excellent choice for long-range hunters.
Recognized Brands
Many manufacturers consistently produce high-quality .308 hunting ammo. Federal Premium, Hornady, Winchester, Barnes, Nosler, Remington, Swift, and Berger are just a few of the most trusted names. Each company offers different bullet types and weights, allowing you to fine-tune your selection.
Safety First: A Must for All Hunters
Always prioritize safety when handling firearms and ammunition. Ensure your rifle is compatible with the ammunition you are using. Practice safe gun handling. Never load a round until you are ready to fire.
Practice at a range, so you are sure of your shots. Properly dispose of your ammunition. Store your ammunition correctly.
Where to Find Your Ammo
Reputable retailers such as Cabela’s, Bass Pro Shops, and local gun stores often have a wide selection of .308 hunting ammo. Online retailers like MidwayUSA and Brownells also offer extensive choices. Consider factors like price, shipping costs, and availability before making your purchase.
Conclusion: The Path to Success
The best 308 hunting ammo is not a one-size-fits-all solution. It’s a combination of factors, carefully considered to match your quarry, your hunting environment, and your shooting ability. By understanding the nuances of bullet design, weight, and ballistics, you can make an informed choice that contributes to a successful and ethical hunt. Remember to always practice with your chosen ammunition to ensure you are confident and accurate. Happy hunting!
