Understanding the Enemy: Factors that Degrade Ammo
Moisture
In a world of evolving uncertainties, responsible preparedness is more critical than ever. Whether you’re a seasoned prepper, a firearm enthusiast, or simply someone who values self-reliance, the ability to secure a reliable supply of ammunition is paramount. But simply acquiring ammunition is only half the battle. The true test of preparedness lies in storing ammo long term and ensuring its functionality when you need it most. Neglecting this vital step can render your ammunition useless, leaving you vulnerable when you can least afford it. This guide will delve into the intricacies of preserving your ammunition, providing the knowledge you need to protect your investment and guarantee your peace of mind.
The importance of this goes beyond mere convenience. The value of ammunition can fluctuate based on economic shifts, geopolitical instability, or unforeseen events. Ensuring you can reliably deploy your ammunition in times of need, requires careful and thoughtful attention. Understanding the science behind ammunition degradation, choosing the right storage environment, employing appropriate storage containers, and implementing consistent handling practices are all crucial aspects of successful storing ammo long term.
The seemingly robust nature of ammunition can be deceiving. Over time, several factors can degrade its performance and reliability. These elements act insidiously, slowly compromising the delicate balance within each cartridge. Recognizing these potential threats is the first step in implementing effective preservation strategies.
One of the most significant threats to ammunition is moisture. Moisture, in its various forms, wreaks havoc on ammunition. Humidity, condensation, leaks, or even exposure to damp air can all lead to problems. Moisture promotes corrosion, particularly on the brass casings and steel components of your ammunition. This corrosion not only weakens the metal but can also lead to primer failure. Rust and oxidation on the casings can seize the cartridge in the chamber and affect extraction. The presence of moisture is a critical factor to consider when storing ammo long term.
Beyond corrosion, moisture can also degrade the propellant powder inside the cartridges. The chemical composition of smokeless powder is affected by humidity, causing it to break down. This degradation can lead to changes in the burn rate, potentially resulting in misfires, inconsistent velocities, or even dangerous overpressure situations. Moisture is a primary reason why consistent, reliable long-term storage is so important.
Temperature Fluctuations
Another critical factor to consider is temperature fluctuations. Dramatic shifts in temperature can be detrimental to ammunition. Constant exposure to heat and cold can cause the powder to become unstable, leading to performance inconsistencies. Excessive heat can accelerate the decomposition of the propellant, increasing the risk of dangerous overpressure. Cold, on the other hand, can cause components to contract, potentially affecting the seal of the cartridge and allowing moisture ingress. These changes in temperature can have significant negative effects and are therefore a critical issue when storing ammo long term.
Furthermore, temperature fluctuations contribute to the expansion and contraction of metallic components. This can compromise the integrity of seals and lead to moisture intrusion. A stable and controlled temperature environment is essential for protecting your ammunition and ensuring it performs as expected.
Corrosive Substances
Corrosive substances present another potential threat. Exposure to acids, solvents, and other chemicals can cause severe damage to the metallic and propellant components of your ammunition. Chemicals can corrode brass casings, weaken the powder and primers, and generally compromise the integrity of your ammunition. Even seemingly harmless substances can pose a risk.
Salt, especially in coastal environments, is a particularly aggressive corrosive agent. Salt accelerates corrosion, eating away at the metal components and potentially contaminating the propellant. Ammunition stored near the ocean, even in sealed containers, may be at risk of salt-induced damage.
Physical Damage
Lastly, physical damage can undermine your ammunition’s functionality. Physical damage can be caused by accidental impact, crushing, or abrasive contact. Dents or deformations to the casing can affect chambering and extraction. Damage to the primer can result in failure to fire. If the ammo is exposed to high-pressure environments, the deformation might also trigger a misfire. The effects of physical damage can render ammunition completely useless.
Abrasion, which can occur from rubbing against rough surfaces during storage or transport, can wear away the finish of the casing. This can expose the metal to corrosion and lead to premature degradation. Therefore, when storing ammo long term, protecting the physical integrity of the ammunition is paramount.
Optimal Storage Environment
Creating an optimal storage environment is the key to counteracting the factors discussed above. By carefully considering location, temperature, and humidity, you can significantly extend the lifespan of your ammunition and ensure its reliability.
Location
The ideal storage location for your ammunition prioritizes several key considerations. A cool, dry environment is essential. Ideally, your ammunition should be stored in a location with a consistent temperature, avoiding temperature extremes and large fluctuations. Humidity control is also paramount. The chosen location should minimize exposure to moisture.
The area should also be secure, protecting your ammunition from theft or unauthorized access. The storage area should ideally be out of sight and difficult to access. Accessibility also needs to be considered. The location should be accessible enough for you to retrieve the ammunition when needed, but not so accessible that it compromises security. Finding this balance is important.
Temperature Control
Temperature control is another crucial factor. If the desired storage space has unstable temperatures, insulation can help to minimize temperature swings. Basements, interior rooms, or even insulated closets are better choices than garages or attics, which are subject to extreme temperature fluctuations.
Beyond insulation, passive cooling methods, such as ensuring good air circulation, may be useful in warmer climates. Avoid placing ammunition near heat sources such as furnaces, heaters, or direct sunlight. A consistent temperature is crucial for long-term ammunition preservation when storing ammo long term.
Humidity Control
Humidity control is of utmost importance. The presence of excessive humidity can lead to corrosion and powder degradation. A dehumidifier can be a valuable tool for maintaining a dry environment. Choose a dehumidifier appropriate for the size of your storage space and monitor the humidity levels regularly.
Alternatively, you can utilize desiccants like silica gel packs. These packets absorb moisture from the air, providing localized humidity control. Place the silica gel packs inside your storage containers. Make sure to regularly check the desiccant packets and replace them or reactivate them, as directed by the manufacturer.
A reliable hygrometer, or humidity gauge, is a valuable tool for monitoring the humidity levels in your storage area. Ideally, humidity should be kept below 40% to minimize the risk of corrosion and powder degradation. Regularly monitoring these conditions will help maintain a stable storage environment when storing ammo long term.
Storage Containers and Packaging
The selection of suitable storage containers is a critical element in long-term ammunition preservation. The right containers will protect your ammunition from the elements, while also ensuring that it remains in good condition.
Container Materials
Choosing the right container materials is one of the most important decisions. Select containers that are airtight and watertight to prevent moisture intrusion. Metal containers, such as those used for military ammunition, are an excellent choice due to their durability and sealing capabilities. They also shield the contents from damage.
Plastic containers, specifically those made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE), also offer excellent protection. However, make sure the plastic container is a durable one. Avoid materials that might degrade over time. Be certain that they are designed to withstand the weight of the ammunition and are also airtight and watertight.
Avoid storing ammunition in containers made of corrosive materials, or materials that may react with the chemicals inside ammunition. Make sure the containers are clean and free of any residue that could damage your ammunition.
Container Types
Various types of containers are available to support the process of storing ammo long term. Ammo cans, particularly those manufactured to military specifications, are among the most reliable options. These cans are designed to withstand harsh conditions and seal out moisture effectively. They provide excellent protection against physical damage, temperature fluctuations, and moisture.
Plastic ammunition boxes are another practical choice. These boxes are often stackable, making them easier to organize. Ensure that the boxes are airtight and seal properly.
For additional protection, consider using sealed plastic bags inside your main containers. This offers an extra layer of defense against moisture intrusion. Consider using bags made of a durable, low-permeability plastic material.
You can also choose to store your ammunition in its factory packaging. The factory packaging offers an initial level of protection against damage. However, factory packaging is often not designed for long-term storage. Carefully assess the packaging to determine if it provides adequate protection against moisture and environmental factors. Consider adding extra protection by placing the ammunition in a sturdy airtight container.
Packaging Techniques
The proper packaging techniques are critical to long-term ammunition storage. When storing ammunition in containers, use desiccants such as silica gel packs to absorb any excess moisture. Place the desiccant packets directly inside the container, ensuring that they don’t come into direct contact with the ammunition.
Consider using foam padding or other materials to cushion the ammunition and prevent damage from impact. Padding can protect the ammunition from abrasion.
Organization and labeling are essential for easy identification and inventory management. Label each container with the type of ammunition, the caliber, the date of storage, and any other relevant information. This will greatly simplify retrieving the ammunition you need.
Handling and Inspection
Proper handling and regular inspection are essential to keeping your ammunition in optimal condition. Following these best practices can help you identify potential issues before they compromise the functionality of your ammunition.
Regular Inspection
Regular inspection is a key component of ammunition preservation. Inspect your ammunition regularly. The frequency of inspection should depend on the storage conditions and the type of ammunition. At a minimum, inspect your ammunition at least once a year, or more frequently if it is stored in a less-than-ideal environment.
Visually inspect the ammunition for any signs of corrosion, damage, or degradation. Examine the brass casings for any signs of rust, tarnish, or discoloration. Check the bullets for damage. Also look for any signs of powder degradation, such as changes in color or texture.
Before handling ammunition, ensure you are familiar with safe gun-handling practices. Inspect the ammunition carefully to ensure that no damage is evident.
Cleaning and Maintenance
Cleaning and maintenance is a part of the process. The ammunition and storage containers should be kept clean and free of debris. Use a clean, soft cloth to wipe away any dirt or debris from the ammunition.
Adhere to safe handling practices to minimize the risk of accidental discharge. Always treat all firearms and ammunition as if they were loaded. Never point a firearm at anything you are not willing to destroy.
Rotation and Usage
Before using the ammunition in a critical application, it is advisable to test it to ensure its functionality. Fire a few rounds to check for proper functioning.
If you find any ammunition that is degraded, dispose of it safely. Never attempt to repair ammunition yourself. Contact a qualified firearms professional for assistance.
Considerations for Specific Ammunition Types
Different types of ammunition have unique characteristics and storage requirements. Understanding these nuances can ensure the longevity and reliability of all the ammunition in your collection.
Rimfire Ammunition
Rimfire ammunition can be particularly sensitive to environmental factors due to its construction. Rimfire cartridges, such as .22LR, are more prone to moisture damage than centerfire ammunition because of their primer design. To protect your rimfire ammunition, store it in a cool, dry environment in airtight containers, with desiccants.
Centerfire Ammunition
Centerfire ammunition, by contrast, is often more resistant to degradation. However, it is still vulnerable to corrosion, particularly if exposed to moisture. Employ the storage methods outlined above.
Specialty Ammunition
Specialty ammunition, such as black powder or reloads, requires specialized storage. Black powder is highly susceptible to moisture and fire. Store black powder in a separate, fire-resistant container, away from any potential ignition sources. Reloads must be stored safely and organized. Label all ammunition and follow all best practices when storing ammo long term.
Conclusion
Effectively storing ammo long term is more than just a matter of placing ammunition in a container. It’s a commitment to preservation, a dedication to reliability, and a fundamental aspect of preparedness. By understanding the threats, creating the right environment, employing the correct containers, and practicing consistent handling and inspection, you can significantly extend the life of your ammunition and ensure its performance when you need it most.
Always check and revise your methods to ensure maximum protection. Proper ammunition storage is a continuous process, not a one-time task. Consistent practices and the utilization of best practices are essential to protecting your investment.
Are you storing ammo long term? We encourage you to evaluate your current storage practices and make any necessary improvements. Consider seeking out additional resources. The more informed you are, the more secure your ammunition supply will be. Stay prepared!
