Introduction
The AR-15 rifle has become a staple of modern firearms enthusiasts, celebrated for its modularity, accuracy, and adaptability. For those seeking a personalized firearm experience, building an AR-15 offers a unique opportunity to tailor a rifle to their specific needs and preferences. While the lower receiver holds a special place within the legal framework, the process of building an AR-15 opens a world of possibilities. This comprehensive guide will explore the world of “AR 15 Kit Everything Except The Lower Receiver Kit,” providing the information and insights needed to confidently embark on your own build.
The Allure of Building Your Own AR-15
The desire to build your own AR-15 often stems from a range of compelling factors. Whether it’s the satisfaction of crafting a precision tool from scratch, the desire for a rifle tailored to your exact requirements, or the potential for cost savings, the appeal is undeniable. Building allows you to hand-pick every component, ensuring optimal quality and performance. This contrasts with purchasing a complete rifle where component selection is often predetermined. Building allows you to meticulously select barrel profiles, trigger mechanisms, handguard styles, and optics, crafting a firearm perfectly suited to your shooting style and purpose.
Understanding the AR-15 Kit Concept
The focus of this article centers on the “AR 15 Kit Everything Except The Lower Receiver Kit.” This kit essentially delivers the core components required to assemble an AR-15, excluding the lower receiver, which, due to regulations and legalities, is typically purchased separately. This approach allows for customization and streamlines the building process. By understanding the contents of such a kit and the role each part plays, you can make informed decisions and ensure a smooth and successful build.
The Importance of the Lower Receiver
The lower receiver, as the serialized component of an AR-15, is the legal heart of the rifle. It houses the fire control group, magazine well, and serves as the attachment point for the stock and buffer tube assembly. Due to federal and state laws, lower receivers require specific background checks and registration processes, depending on your location. This is why, in the context of building, you’ll typically acquire the lower receiver separately from the other components. There are many different types of lower receivers: forged, billet, polymer, and even 80% lowers. Each type offers different benefits in terms of price, material strength, and ease of customization. It’s crucial to familiarize yourself with local regulations surrounding lower receiver ownership before proceeding.
Components Included in an “AR 15 Kit Everything Except The Lower Receiver Kit”
The Upper Receiver Assembly
The upper receiver assembly forms the core of the AR-15’s functionality and houses the barrel, bolt carrier group, and handguard. A key component of the upper receiver assembly is the upper receiver itself. These are typically made from aluminum, and can be forged from a single piece of aluminum or machined from a billet of aluminum. Forged receivers offer a balance of cost and durability, while billet receivers allow for more complex designs and a higher degree of customization. The choice between the two depends on your budget and aesthetic preferences.
The Barrel: The Heart of Accuracy
The barrel is arguably the most critical component for accuracy. Barrel length, twist rate, material, and profile directly influence a rifle’s performance. Barrel length significantly affects bullet velocity and effective range; longer barrels generally provide higher velocity. The twist rate refers to the rate at which the rifling within the barrel spirals. This stabilizes the bullet in flight, with different twist rates suited for different bullet weights. The barrel material affects durability and heat resistance, with chrome-moly steel and stainless steel being popular choices. Barrel profiles determine weight distribution and heat dissipation characteristics; heavier profiles often offer better accuracy in sustained firing.
The Bolt Carrier Group: Ensuring Reliability
The bolt carrier group (BCG) comprises the bolt, carrier, firing pin, and associated parts, responsible for chambering, firing, extracting, and ejecting spent cartridges. The quality and reliability of the BCG are paramount. Choose BCGs manufactured from high-quality steel, properly heat-treated, and subjected to rigorous quality control.
The Charging Handle: Simple Operation
The charging handle is used to manually cycle the action of the rifle, pulling the bolt carrier group to the rear. There are various types, from standard mil-spec designs to enhanced versions with extended latches for easier operation, especially with optics or gloved hands.
The Handguard: Protection and Versatility
The handguard protects the barrel and provides a gripping surface. The type of handguard affects the versatility of the rifle. Free-float handguards, which don’t contact the barrel, enhance accuracy. Drop-in handguards are simpler to install but can slightly affect barrel harmonics. Consider the mounting system (e.g., M-LOK, KeyMod, or Picatinny rails) for attaching accessories.
Muzzle Devices: Managing Muzzle Signature
Muzzle devices include flash hiders, compensators, and suppressors. Flash hiders reduce the visible flash of the muzzle blast, while compensators redirect escaping gases to reduce muzzle rise and felt recoil. Suppressors (silencers) are regulated and offer hearing protection and reduced muzzle signature.
The Lower Parts Kit: The Internal Mechanics
The lower parts kit (LPK) contains the internal components that enable the rifle to fire. The LPK is another vital element of the build process.
The Trigger: Control and Precision
The trigger is a key part. There are many different types of trigger: single-stage triggers have one smooth pull to fire the round, while two-stage triggers have two distinct stages of take-up before firing. Consider the pull weight, reset characteristics, and overall feel of the trigger.
Hammer, Sear, Disconnector
The hammer, sear, and disconnector form the heart of the fire control group, regulating the release of the firing pin. Precision manufacturing and robust materials are essential for reliability and safety.
Safety Selector
The safety selector allows the shooter to choose between safe, semi-automatic, and, in some cases, fully automatic (restricted) firing modes. Ensure the safety functions smoothly and reliably.
Bolt Catch/Release
The bolt catch/release holds the bolt open after the last round is fired and allows for manual bolt hold-open/release. A functional and well-placed bolt catch facilitates loading and unloading.
Magazine Release
The magazine release enables quick and easy magazine changes, and ergonomics are important.
Trigger Guard
The trigger guard protects the trigger and allows for gloved operation.
The Stock and Buffer Assembly: Recoil Management and Comfort
The stock and buffer assembly work together to manage recoil and provide a comfortable shooting platform.
Stock
The stock is the part that rests against your shoulder. Stocks come in fixed, adjustable, and collapsible variations. Adjustable stocks provide a customized fit for different shooters.
Buffer Tube
The buffer tube houses the buffer and spring. The tube length must match the type of stock chosen. Ensure the buffer tube is properly installed and aligned.
Buffer
The buffer absorbs recoil forces and contributes to the smooth cycling of the action.
Buffer Spring
The buffer spring provides the force to return the bolt carrier group to the battery after firing.
Choosing the Right “AR 15 Kit Everything Except The Lower Receiver Kit”
Choosing the ideal “AR 15 Kit Everything Except The Lower Receiver Kit” is a crucial step that heavily influences the overall quality and performance of your build.
Determining Your Needs
The first step is defining the intended use of the rifle. Is it for sport shooting, home defense, hunting, or general plinking? Your intended use will drive component selection, from the barrel length and handguard style to the trigger and optics.
Budgetary Considerations
Budget is a primary consideration. Prices of AR-15 kits vary greatly. Set a realistic budget and stick to it. Prioritize the components you consider most important and allocate funds accordingly.
Research and Selection
Researching brands, reading reviews, and assessing the reputation of manufacturers are essential. Look for reputable manufacturers that prioritize quality control and customer satisfaction. Online forums and reviews are great places to get a good idea of what manufacturers and products are well thought of.
Considering Caliber and Features
Consider the caliber, features like the inclusion of a rail for attaching optics, and how the ergonomics work together. The best kit is one that meets your specific needs and preferences.
The Assembly Process: A General Overview
Assembling an AR-15 can be a satisfying and rewarding experience. While this article provides a general overview, detailed instructions are often included with the kit or readily available online. Safety should always be the top priority. Wear eye protection and follow all safety guidelines.
Upper Receiver Assembly
Upper receiver assembly often includes assembling the barrel to the upper receiver and installing the gas block and gas tube. Installing the handguard comes next. Make sure to torque the barrel nut correctly.
Installing the Lower Parts Kit
Then the lower parts kit should be installed in the lower receiver. Trigger components, safety selectors, and magazine releases must be assembled.
Stock and Buffer Tube Assembly
Then you will install the stock and buffer tube assembly.
Final Assembly
Then install the upper receiver onto the lower receiver. After which, the rifle can be considered to be completely assembled.
Essential Tips
Carefully follow all instructions and use the correct tools. Proper lubrication is key to smooth operation and minimizing wear.
Legal Considerations
State and local laws regulate firearm ownership and building. Familiarize yourself with these laws before starting your build. Understand the regulations related to serial numbers, registration, and modifications.
Testing, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting
After assembly, rigorously test your rifle to ensure it functions correctly. Check for proper cycling, trigger function, and bolt lock-back. Use high-quality ammunition during testing.
Cleaning and Maintenance
Cleaning and maintenance are essential for longevity and reliable performance. Regular cleaning, lubrication, and inspection of all components are vital. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning and lubrication.
Troubleshooting
If problems are encountered, troubleshooting may require identifying the source of the malfunction. Consult online resources, manufacturer support, or a qualified gunsmith to resolve any issues.
Upgrades and Customization: The Next Level
Once you’ve built your rifle, many possibilities for upgrades and customization are available.
Optics and Sights
Optics and sights are one of the most popular upgrades. Choosing the right optic can significantly enhance your shooting capabilities. Consider red dot sights, reflex sights, scopes, and iron sights.
Furniture Upgrades
Furniture such as grips, stocks, and handguards, can enhance ergonomics and aesthetics.
Accessory Options
You can also add accessories such as lights, lasers, and other add-ons for different applications.
The Possibilities
The possibilities for customizing your AR-15 are vast.
Conclusion
Building your own AR-15 is a rewarding journey that offers a unique level of personalization. By choosing the right “AR 15 Kit Everything Except The Lower Receiver Kit,” understanding the components, and carefully following assembly instructions, you can create a high-quality, custom rifle tailored to your specific needs. Remember to prioritize safety, research the legal requirements, and take the time to enjoy the process.
