Understanding the Players
Introduction
Rimfire cartridges have carved a significant niche in the shooting world, offering affordability, low recoil, and a generally pleasant shooting experience. Among the various rimfire options, the .17 caliber cartridges stand out for their high velocity and flat trajectories, making them particularly well-suited for varmint hunting and target shooting. This article delves into a detailed comparison of two prominent .17 caliber rimfire cartridges: the .17 Winchester Super Magnum (.17 WSM) and the .17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire (.17 HMR). Our goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each round, helping you decide which one best aligns with your specific shooting requirements. We’ll examine ballistics, accuracy, range capabilities, recoil, cost, and availability, all crucial elements to consider when making an informed choice.
A Closer Look at Ballistics
The core difference between the .17 WSM and .17 HMR lies in their ballistic performance. The .17 HMR typically fires a bullet weighing around seventeen grains, with a muzzle velocity of approximately 2,550 feet per second. This translates to a relatively flat trajectory within a certain range, making it easy to aim at moderate distances. The energy delivered at the muzzle is considerable for a rimfire cartridge, which is a definite plus for its intended uses.
The .17 WSM, however, showcases a significant upgrade. Utilizing a case designed for more powder, the .17 WSM can launch a similar-weight bullet at velocities that can exceed three thousand feet per second. This elevated speed contributes to an even flatter trajectory, reducing bullet drop over longer distances. The .17 WSM maintains a significantly higher level of energy at the target, which gives it an advantage for larger varmints or shots requiring more impact.
Comparing Accuracy and Performance
Accuracy is a critical aspect, and both cartridges are recognized for their inherent precision. The .17 HMR, in a well-made rifle, consistently delivers tight groups at fifty or one hundred yards. While factors such as ammunition quality, rifle barrel quality, and wind conditions can influence accuracy, the .17 HMR generally provides excellent performance within its designed range. Most shooters find it easy to get consistent results with this round.
The .17 WSM also has the potential for exceptional accuracy. The higher velocity and flatter trajectory can enhance the accuracy at longer ranges. The .17 WSM can maintain effective group sizes well past the point where the .17 HMR’s trajectory starts to arc significantly. The quality of the rifle and ammunition is just as crucial when working with .17 WSM, but the potential for extended range precision is undeniable.
In real-world hunting scenarios, the accuracy of both rounds excels. The .17 HMR shines in hunting small game, such as squirrels and rabbits, where precision is crucial. The flat trajectory and high velocity allow for quick and accurate shots. The .17 WSM extends the range and efficiency, offering a noticeable advantage for hunting larger varmints like prairie dogs, groundhogs, and even coyotes, where the increased energy on target becomes a key factor.
Reaching Out: Range and Effective Distances
The effective range is another defining characteristic for any hunting or target shooting situation. The .17 HMR finds its sweet spot within one hundred to one hundred and fifty yards. For hunting smaller game, the .17 HMR will remain lethal and accurate within this range. Beyond that point, bullet drop becomes more pronounced, requiring more substantial holdover and adjusting for wind drift.
The .17 WSM extends the reach significantly. While its effective range depends upon the game being hunted and the skill of the shooter, it often stretches out to two hundred and fifty yards or more. This increased reach allows for hunting varmints at distances where the .17 HMR would struggle to maintain adequate energy and accuracy. Ethical considerations, like the hunter’s ability to make a clean shot, will always be important for any effective shooting. The .17 WSM’s ability to cover more ground makes it a versatile option.
Factors Affecting the Shooting Experience: Recoil, Noise, and Handling
Recoil is often negligible with both cartridges. Recoil is felt as a slight push that doesn’t usually interfere with follow-up shots. The low recoil makes both the .17 HMR and the .17 WSM comfortable to shoot for extended periods.
The noise levels are comparatively similar. Both cartridges produce a sharp crack that usually requires hearing protection to prevent any damage. The specifics of the rifle’s barrel length and the specific load used could subtly alter the overall noise, but overall the results are near identical.
The rifles that are chambered for both cartridges also share some similarities. They’re generally lightweight and easy to handle, offering a simple and quick shooting experience. The .17 WSM rifles could be slightly larger due to the size of the cartridge’s case, but the differences will often be minimal in their design.
The Dollars and Cents: Ammunition Cost and Availability
The cost and accessibility of ammunition are significant factors for many shooters. The .17 HMR is generally known for its affordability. The ammunition is widely available at most sporting goods stores and online retailers. This abundance makes it a convenient option for shooters looking for an economical way to enjoy their hobby or for those who do a lot of shooting.
The .17 WSM’s ammunition is generally more expensive than .17 HMR. Its availability, while improving, is not as widespread as the .17 HMR. The limited availability can be a factor, especially if you reside in a remote area or are reliant on local stores with low inventory. This extra cost reflects the increased power and performance of the .17 WSM, but it’s critical to consider it within the scope of your shooting budget.
Consider how much you shoot and the cost of the ammunition. If you’re a high-volume shooter, the lower cost of .17 HMR ammunition will have a bigger impact. If you’re less concerned about cost and prioritize performance, or have a larger budget, the .17 WSM may be a more suitable choice.
Matching the Round to the Task: Applications and Best Uses
The .17 HMR excels as a dedicated small game hunting and recreational target shooting cartridge. The accuracy and relatively flat trajectory make it perfect for squirrels, rabbits, and other small critters. The cartridge is also a popular choice for plinking.
The .17 WSM is best suited for hunting larger varmints, such as prairie dogs, groundhogs, and even coyotes. Its enhanced energy transfer allows for effective and humane kills at extended ranges. The flat trajectory contributes to a more straightforward shot, particularly in windy conditions.
Weighing the Advantages and Disadvantages
The .17 HMR offers the advantages of low cost, broad availability, low recoil, and a known track record of accuracy. The potential disadvantages are: it’s limited range, lower energy compared to other options, a tendency to be affected more by wind, and a trajectory that curves more quickly as the distance increases.
The .17 WSM has the advantages of its longer range, flatter trajectory, more powerful energy delivery, and improved performance at extended distances. The cons include the potentially higher ammunition cost, availability that isn’t as vast, and potentially slightly greater recoil (although still minimal).
A Final Decision
Ultimately, choosing between the .17 HMR and the .17 WSM depends on your individual needs and priorities. For shooters who prioritize cost, availability, and a cartridge for short-range hunting, the .17 HMR is the perfect fit.
If you’re after longer range, more stopping power, and are willing to pay a premium for the enhanced performance, the .17 WSM is your best bet. Consider the typical ranges you’ll be shooting at, the size of the game you’ll be pursuing, your budget for ammunition, and your access to ammunition. These factors will direct you to the right option for your shooting needs.
Important Considerations Before Purchasing
Before purchasing either cartridge, be certain you are aware of any local hunting regulations. The law may affect where and when you are allowed to hunt with rimfire cartridges, as well as legal game animals and appropriate ranges. Ensure that you select a rifle that is of top quality so that you are guaranteed to be safe while shooting.
Remember that ethical hunting is as important as selecting the proper equipment. Make certain you are well-practiced and know the limits of your equipment.
Choose the right cartridge for your specific application, and enjoy the time that you are shooting!
